Saturday, June 21, 2014

Anticipating and Pandering of the Bureaucracy to the New Government's Intent & Ideology



After the election of the new government with a ‘clear’ mandate it is now necessary to focus on the actions of the bureaucracy which forms the ‘permanent government’ in India.  While a lot of news stories have been looking at how the PM and the Ministers are starting to hold the senior bureaucrats – from having to report quickly and directly to the PMO; cleaning the offices and being on time between 9AM – 6PM; accountable, another feature of the bureaucracy that needs to be looked at closely if the pandering response of the bureaucrats. This behaviour can be described as ‘saying and doing’ what the new government ‘likes’ rather than just executing the policy decisions taken by the government.

Two closely related incidents that seem to stand out is the Intelligence Bureau’s report on the funding of NGOs (more here focusing on Greenpeace India) that are “negatively impacting economic development” and the denial of Visa to a British Academic Dr. Vera-Sanso who has been conducting research in India since 1990. The proof of the pandering is the fact that the IB’s NGO-scare report plagiarises from an old Modi speech from September 9, 2006, when he lambasted the NGOs. (A copy of the complete text of the ‘secret’ IB report can be read here - http://www.scribd.com/doc/229511459/IB-Report-NGOs-June-2014 ) The role of the IB should be brought under greater scrutiny as it has not covered itself in much glory, when it has been unable to prevent the Mumbai attacks in 2008, but is found to be quite effective in pinning the criminals, many a time falsely.

The denial of entry to a British academic Dr. Vera-Sanso, who has apparently been given to understand that it had something to do with her Gujarat visit in March 2014, seems like a knee-jerk reaction of the bureaucrats, rather than an explicit directive from the new government.

This calls for greater accountability of bureaucrats who should record the reasons for taking a decision, as in rejecting the entry of the British academic, or, even providing intelligence. Such material should then be made available, if allegations of human rights violations or corruption, are raised by anyone seeking such information. This will only be consistent with the existing Right to Information law, RTI Act 2005, which under Section, 24(1), reads as,

Nothing contained in this Act shall apply to the intelligence and security organisations specified in the Second Schedule, being organisations established by the Central Government or any information furnished by such organisations to that Government:
Provided that the information pertaining to the allegations of corruption and human rights violations shall not be excluded under this sub-section:
Provided further that in the case of information sought for is in respect of allegations of violation of human rights, the information shall only be provided after the approval of the Central Information Commission, and notwithstanding anything contained in section 7, such information shall be provided within forty-five days from the date of the receipt of request.”

It is this ‘permanent government’ which should be put under greater scrutiny, apart from focusing on the functioning of the Indian Parliament.

(A good update on the issue can be read here and by Ramachandra Guha here.)

Sunday, June 8, 2014

Commonalities among BRICS Nations

While the concept of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is celebrated for the 'potential' there appears to be another commonality among BRICS - diverting resources for ugly sporting spectacles ignoring peoples’ demands for badly needed public goods and provide massive opportunities for corruption and build white elephants. This is seen from the sporting 'spectacles' being held in these countries in the last few years. Here's the snapshot - Brazil - World Cup 2012; Russia - Sochi Winter Olympics; India - Commonwealth Games 2012; China - Beijing Olympics 2008 and South Africa - World Cup 2010. 

A summary of the expected expenditure and actual expenditures on the games is tabulated below:
  Country
 Estimated Costs
 Brazil - World Cup 2014
 $11.3 billion (estimate)
 Russia - Winter Olympics 2014
 India – Commonwealth Games 2010
 $4 billion (original estimate - $270 million)
 China – Beijing Olympics 2008
 South Africa – World Cup 2010

The events in the run-up to the Sochi Winter Olympics saw allegations of corruption, especially, from the coterie from President Putin’s inner circle.






Among the many reasons for the downfall of the government in India, the 2010 Commonwealth Games set the tone for the series of scams that beset the government. The ruling party’s Member of Parliament and Organising Committee chief Suresh Kalmadi was arrested on the basis of prima facie involvement in awarding contracts. (Not so surprisingly, the case has not attained closure with the investigating agencies managing to file charges only recently, in December 2013, and waiting for the trial to happen). In this instance the initial costs ballooned to over 15 times from $270 million to almost $4 billion. A comprehensive report brought out by an NGO - Housing and Land Rights Network reveals the systematic escalation of costs; diversion of money from other public expenditure; dislocation of people in the name of slum clearance; and of course, building white elephants.

These events contribute to dislocation/relocation of people and a concomitant securitization of the situation. This bogey is used to suppress any local opposition. It is estimated that a 100,000 - strong security force of armed police, commandos and other troops is stationed around Beijing; over 150,000 in Brazil; over 100,000 in Russia; and over 100,000 in New Delhi and 41,000 in South Africa.

These events give rise to these problems, as there are no proper policies in countries aspiring to host international events; no local consultation and involvement, especially of people from cities projected as hosts; and, a false emphasis on ‘national’ pride to host these ‘international’ events.




[1] For a sceptical view, see here - http://goo.gl/y7JXWH.